Sickel Cell Anemia
Sickelcell Anemia
In a person with this condition, the red blood cells—which are normally round and flexible—become rigid, sticky, and shaped like a crescent moon or a "sickle.
- Pain Crises: Intense pain in the chest, abdomen, joints, or bones
- frequent Infections: The disease can damage the spleen, which is vital for fighting infections
- Swelling: Specifically in the hands and feet (dactylitis), often the first sign in infants.
- Swelling: Specifically in the hands and feet (dactylitis), often the first sign in infants
- Fatigue & Paleness: Caused by chronic anemia
Because sickled cells can block blood flow anywhere in the body, complications can be widespread:
Risk Factors
Treatment
- Bone marrow or stem cell transplant (can be curative in some cases)
- Blood transfusions
- Hydroxyurea: Reduces crises and complications by increasing fetal hemoglobin.
- Antibiotics and vaccinations: Prevent infections (e.g., penicillin prophylaxis in children)
- Pain management: Over-the-counter or prescription painkillers, hydration, rest